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Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-121) is a naturally-occurring VEGF-A splice variant involved in embryonic vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. VEGF binds to VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2, and activates Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways. VEGF-121 is released as a freely diffusible protein by a variety of normal and transformed cells. It plays an important role in neurogenesis both in vitro and in vivo (Storkebaum et al.). It has neurotrophic effects on neurons of the central nervous system and promotes growth and survival of dopaminergic neurons and astrocytes. VEGF also promotes growth and survival of vascular endothelial cells, monocyte chemotaxis, and colony formation by granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (Ferrara et al.).
Subtype
Cytokines, Growth Factors
Cell Type
Angiogenic Cells, Endothelial Cells, Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells, Mesenchymal Stem and Progenitor Cells, Mesoderm, PSC-Derived, Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells, Pluripotent Stem Cells
(A) The biological activity of Human Recombinant VEGF-121 was tested by its ability to promote the proliferation of HUVECs. Cell proliferation was measured after 88 hours using a fluorometric assay method. The EC50 is defined as the effective concentration of the growth factor at which cell proliferation is at 50% of maximum. The EC50 in the above example is 4.02 ng/mL.
(B) 1 μg of Human Recombinant VEGF-121 was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (+) and non-reducing (-) conditions and visualized by Coomassie Blue staining.
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