Inhibit DNA synthesis with decitabine, a hypomethylating agent, which binds to DNA methyltransferase. Decitabine is a cytosine nucleoside analog that is incorporated into DNA strands during DNA replication. When DNA methyltransferase binds to DNA to replicate the methylation onto the daughter strand, decitabine binds to the DNA methyltransferase and prevents it from continuing DNA replication (Kantarjian et al.).

Decitabine has been used for:

CANCER RESEARCH
· Inhibits proliferation in A375, SKMEL1, SKMEL3, SKMEL28, MeWo, and B16 human cutaneous melanoma cell lines (Alcazar et al.).
· Induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines U937 and HL60 by increasing generation of reactive oxygen species (Shin et al.).
· Induces cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in AGS gastric and A549 lung carcinoma cells (Shin et al.).
· Reduces the proliferative capacity and marginally increases apoptosis in the Kasumi-1AML cell line (Flotho et al.).
· Induces cellular senescence by upregulation of p164a in oral squamous cell carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (Suh et al; Timmermann et al.).
· Induces cellular senescence in HepG2 and Hep3B cell lines and p53-dependent tumor cell senescence, as well as a high number of DNA double-strand breaks (Venturelli et al.).